IBN FADLAN
IBN FADLAN (Ahmad ibn-al-Abbas ibn Rashid ibn Hammad; 10th century), an Arab Traveller. Between 921–923, as Member of the staff of the Baghdad Embassy, he made a trip to Volga Bulgaria. Author of The Road Notes (the original text was not preserved). The most complete version was discovered in 1923 by A.A.Validov in the library of the city of Mashhad (Persia) and published in German, with commentaries, in 1939 (Leipzig, Germany). The work contains information about the territorial settlement, the particulars of the economic and political life, the religions and the customs of the Bashkirs and other peoples of the Volga region and the Urals, and about the presence of Muslims among them.