ECOMONIC INNOVATION

ECOMONIC INNOVATION, both scientific research and development, and scientific and technical achievements implementation for the purposes of new products or technological process improvement or creation. Development of innovative activity, and development of innovative programs and strategies are indispensable conditions for RB economic system successful development, including implementation of scientific and technical achievements. E.i. contributes to sustainable regional development. Innovative developments are carried out in the institutes of the USC RAS, institutions of the AS RB, research and design organizations, as well as at universities and chemical, oil and mechanical engineering plants. RB is a recognized scientific centre in Russia in the fields of pipeline transportation technologies, superplasticity of metals, aviation and oil engineering, ophthalmic surgery, occupational medicine and human ecology, molecular biology, fine organic synthesis and metal complex catalysis. Innovations are observed in the fields of thermal and chemical and thermal treatment technology based on high-temperature nitriding (the Avtonormal Belebeyevsky Plant and Ufa Electro-technical Products Plant), microelectronics and telecommunications (NPP Polygon), in the development of gas turbine engines (ODK–Ufa Motor-Building Production Association), helicopters with coaxial rotor scheme (Kumertau Aviation Production Enterprise), foaming polystyrene (Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat), oil pumping station tank fleet automation system (Ufa Instrument-making Production Association), articulated trolleybus and trolleybus with low floor without steps, allowing transportation of wheelchair disabled people (Bashkir Trolleybus Manufacturing Plant), etc. RB works on creation of innovative infrastructure. The following technological clusters are in the process of establishment: Ecoline (in Meleuz), Inmash (in Sterlitamak), Aviation Technologies, UAI Creative Centre, Medtekhnika, Institute of Petrochemical Processing of RB and the centre for Technology Transfer of the Academy of Sciences of RB (all – Ufa). The share of internal expenses for financing research and development in the structure of the gross regional product is 0.62% (2015). The number of E.i. makes RB rank the 7th in the Volga Federal District. Among the regions of the RF in terms of the share of expenses for financing research and development, RB ranks the 31th. There are republican grants aimed at supporting the scientific research conducted by young scientists and youth research teams. In RB, the E.i. are supervised by the Ministry of Industry and Innovation Policy of RB.