HEALTH RETREAT CENTERS

HEALTH RETREAT CENTERS, the healthcare institutions, providing predominantly natural treatments making use of the climate, mineral waters, mineral muds, etc, physiotherapy, dietetic therapy, physical exercises, pharmacological and other types of treatment, and rest regimen. There are H.r.c. of general type (multidisciplinary) and specialized (children’s, antituberculosis, etc).

The development of H.r.c. in Bashkortostan is conditioned by its beneficial moderate continental climate, occurrence of mineral wells and deposits of mineral muds, geothermal dry and wet gases, etc. Since the 16th century, the properties of Krasnousolsk Mineral Sources have been used in traditional medicine, and since the 18th century, the thermal phenomena of Yangantau Mountain have also been employed. The first kumuscure institutions in Ufa Gub. were established in the 19th century and later became sites for such health resorts as Glukhovskaya, Shafranovo, Chekhov Health Resort, Aksakov Health Resort. Later on, the following H.r.c. open: Baymaksky, Zelyonaya Roshcha, Karagay, Krasnousolsk, Shamsutdin Lake, Salyut, Sosnovy Bor, Yumatovo, Yakty­ Kul, Yangan­Tau. After the war several children’s health centers were founded, such as rheumatologic health retreat centers in Salavat, Sterlitamak and Ufa, neurological health retreat centers in Birsk, Krasnousolsk, Oktyabrsky, Tuymazy and Selo Ulu‑Telyak, antituberculosis health retreat centers in Ishimbay, Tuymazy, Ufa. Between 60–80s medical prevention institutions, recreation centers, tourist camps, summer health camps for secondary school students, interkolkhoz health resort institutions rapidly developed. There are more than 40 H.r.c. in the RB (incl. about 20 children’s health retreat centers), such as Assy, Tanyp, Talkas (former Baymaksky Recreation Centre), etc (2017).