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UNESCO, an intergovernmental organization. Founded in 1945. The headquarters is located in Paris. It incorporates 193 member-states (2019), including the Russian Federation (1954). Main areas of activity: research in the field of education, science, culture and communications; knowledge exchange; preparation...

USMANOV Abubakir Nurianovich (24.4. 1910–13.6.1982), historian, folklorist. Candidate of History (1960). His research is devoted to the history of the accession of Bashkortostan to Russia, the participation of Bashkirs in the Patriotic War of 1812 and the Peasant War of 1773–75. Author of more than...

URYAK is a spirit, a ghost of a person died an unnatural death in Bashkir mythology. According to belief, it lives in places of death or burial of people. It appears to people (usually at night) and looks like a tall thin man dressed in long white gown. It moves silently. Mostly it comes to murderers,...

“URAL-BATYR” is an ethnic sesen school n.a. A.S. Gaynullina. Founded in 1994 as a club of young sesens called “U.b.”, which based at Bashkir school № 13, since 2005 was based at the Center of ethnic culture and leisure (both in Sibay c.), in 2015 it received the title “national” from Sibay college of...

“URAL-BATYR”, Bashkir State Academic Drama Theater performance based on the same-titled play by G.G. Shafikov (based on Bashkir ethnic epic “Ural‑batyr”, translated by A. Utyabay into the Bashkir language). It premiered in September 2006. Director – R.M. Khakimov, production designer – E. Gizatullin,...

“URAL-BATYR” a  r e g i o n a l  c o n t e s t  o f  y o u n g  s t o r y t e l l e r s  a n d  p e r f o r m e r s  o f  t h e  e p i c. Initially, it was held on the initiative of the Department of Education of Burzyansky district (Novomunasipovo school in 1996, 1998, and 2000), school No. 13 of Sibay,...

“URAL-BATYR”, a monument of Bashkir literature, epic. The main version (has poem-prose form) was registered in 1910 by M.A. Burangulov from Gabit-sesen and K.K. Almukhametov. The prose version of “U.-b.” was registered by A.I. Kharisov. The epic shows a fantasy world where the characters have superpowers...

URAL-BATYR is a character of Bashkir folklore. He is the younger son of Yanbirde and Yanbike in “Ural-batyr” epic (see First ancestor), the first human (mortal), the antagonist of his elder brother Shulgan. The image of U.-b. includes his different characteristics and actions. However, the positive...

“URAL”, the Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kyuy. The song was first recorded by M.A. Burangulov in 1915, published in the Bashkort Khalk Yirdary digest recorded by H.F. Akhmetov. Lyric and epic song. In the song, the Ural image symbolizes the Motherland. According to the legend, the emergence of U. goes...

UMETBAYEV Mukhametsalim Ishmukhametovich [21.8.1841, Derevnya Ibragimovo of Yumran-Tabynskaya Volost of Ufim. Uyezd of Orenb. Gub. (now Karmaskalinsky Raion of the RB) – 28.6.1907, Ibid.], Bashkir Poet-Educator, Translator, Philologist, Historian, Ethnographer, Public Figure and Publicist. Titular Counsellor...

UKRAINIAN FOLKLORE of the Republic of Bashkortostan is represented by a variety of clands, genres and forms. It includes fairytales (about everyday life, magic or animals), lore, legends, historical short stories, bylichkas, minor (aphoristic) genres. The majority of fairytales and songs were created...

UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CENTER o f  t h e  R B, a public organization, branch of the House of Peoples' Friendship. Established in 1999 in the village Zolotonoshka of Sterlitamaksky district of the RB in order to revive and safeguard the cultural and historical heritage, crafts, rites, and...

“UIL”, is a Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kuy. The melody was registered by I.V. Saltykov in the 1920’s. It is a part of the “Bashkir melodies” handwritten collection (also known as “Collection № 2”; it is in the folklore cabinet of USIA), the lyrics were registered by A.I. Kharisov from S.S. Sharifullin...

UZUN-KYUY (literally – a long tune), in the Bashk. music folklore refers to a melodic style; a genre of the Bashkir ethnic music. The U.-k. performance is the top-stone of the Bashkirs’ singing art. The U.-k. performers have mostly high male (tenors) and female (soprano) voices. The first samples of...

UZLYAU, the Bashkirs solo two-voice guttural singing, in which on the background of low tone (bourdon) there is a high whistling sound of a fioritric nature (combination of overtone sounds and derivatives from the lower tone). Similar to the kuray and kubyz playing technique. The earliest information...

UZBEK ETHNIC CULTURAL CENTER i n  B a s h k o r t o s t a n, a NGO established in Ufa in 2003. Establishes and maintains contacts with Uzbek communities in other Russian regions, and with Uzbekistan. Folk bands from Uzbekistan that performed in Ufa by invitation from the center: “Navruz” folk instruments...

“UZAK-TUZAK – THE LAST OF BALABASHNYAK FAMILY”, monument of Bashkir literature, epic. It has poetic and prose form. It was registered in 1981 in Yunusovo village, Mechetlinskiy District, BASSR by N.D. Shunkarov from R.M. Akhtarov. The epic shows the struggle between Polovtsians and Pechenegs, the defeat...

UDMURT FOLKLORE of the Republic of Bashkortostan is represented by various genres. The most popular of them are historical lore and legends about the history of migration and foundation of villages; bylichkas about nature and yard spirits (see Host‑spirits). Prayers are connected with religious beliefs;...

UDMURT HISTORICAL AND CULTURAl CENTER o f  t h e R B, a public organization, branch of the House of Peoples’ Friendship. It was established in 2006 in Novye Tatyshly village of Tatyshlinsky district of the RB in order to safeguard and develop the cultural heritage, native language, and their traditions...

UDMURT FOLK SONG of Bashkortostan are divided into 2 main groups: family-ceremonial and calendar. The family-ceremonial group can be divided into wedding (a song to meet and farewell the groom’s party in the house of a bride and groom, table songs of bride’s party and groom’s party, a song of the bride...