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Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan State autonomous institution of science of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkir encyclopedia

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YURT

YURT, a portable dwelling of nomadic Turkic and Mongolian peoples. The Yu. of Turkic type (with a rolling dome) were mostly used by Bashkirs at the places of nomad camps; the Yu. of Mongolian type (with a conical top) were less common. The Yu. frame was made of wooden gratings (approx. 2.2 m long, 1.5...

YUNUSOVA (Idelbayeva), Gulfiya Aznagulovna

YUNUSOVA (Idelbayeva), Gulfiya Aznagulovna (b.10.9.1948, Derevnya Saryshevo of Alsheyevsky Raion of the BASSR). People’s poet of the RB (2015), Merited Cultural Sector Professional of the Russian Federation (2005) and BASSR (1989). Laureate of the Davletshina State Award of the RB (2006). Awarded with...

YUNUSOV, Marat Sabirovich

YUNUSOV, Marat Sabirovich (b.18.3.1940 in Moscow), Chemist. Acad. of the RAS (2003), Merited Acad. of the AS RB (2016), D.Sci. (Chemical Sciences) (1974), Full Professor (1983). Graduated from the MSU (1962). Since 1990 he worked in the IOC (between 1994–2011 as Dir.), simultaneously, between 2006–11...

YUMATOVO

YUMATOVO, a health resort which utilizes climate and kumys therapies. Located in Ufimsky Raion of the RB, 30 km SW of Ufa, 5 km away from Yumatovo Railway Station. Opened in 1934. Between 1941–44 it hosted evacuation hospital No.2577. The centre specializes in the treatment of respiratory, digestive,...

YUMATOV, Vasily Stepanovich

YUMATOV, Vasily Stepanovich [? — 17.7.1848, Derevnya Yumatovo of Ufimsky Uyezd of Ufa Gub. (Ufimsky Raion of the RB)], a Local Historian. He served as the Judge of the Court of Ufimsky Uyezd, worked at Vedomosti of Orenburg Gubernia newspaper. His scientific activities were dedicated to archaeology,...

YUMAGUZINSKOYE RESERVOIR

YUMAGUZINSKOYE RESERVOIR, on the Belaya River. The dam site is located in the territory of Bashkiriya National Park. Temporary operation began in 2004, permanent operation — in 2008. Catchment area of the river in the cross-section of the water development — 10,100 km2, aver. annual volume of inflow...

YUMAGULOV, Kharis Yumagulovich

YUMAGULOV, Kharis Yumagulovich [3.1.1891, Derevnya Khasyanovo of Nikolayevsky Uyezd of Samara Gub. (Bolshechernigovsky Raion of Samara Obl.) – 2.11.1937, Moscow], Statesman. Participant of the Bashkir National Movement. Member of the RCP(b) between 1917–21 and 1931–35. Graduated from the Moscow Warrant...

YULUEV Batyrgarey Gabdulmukhametovich

YULUEV Batyrgarey Gabdulmukhametovich (18.8.1861–1915), ethnographer, local historian. He was a researcher of folklore, ethnography of Bashkirs; collector of legends, fables, etc. In the work “On Ethnography of Bashkirs” (1892), he described the wedding rites of the South-Eastern Bashkirs....

YULTYY (Yultiev), Daut Iskhakovich

YULTYY (Yultiev), Daut Iskhakovich [18.4.1896 (according to other data, 1893), Derevnya Yultysovo of Buzuluksky Uyezd of Samara Gub., now Selo Yulty of Krasnogvardeysky Raion of Orenb. Obl., — 10.7.1938, Ufa], a Writer and Public Figure. Member of the Union of Writers of the BASSR. Participant of the...

YULMUKHAMETOV, Rinad Salavatovich

YULMUKHAMETOV, Rinad Salavatovich (b.17.1.1957 in Derevnya Nizhneitkulovo of Makarovsky Raion of the BASSR, now Selo Verkhneitkulovo of Ishimbaysky Raion of the RB), Mathematician. Associate Member of the AS RB (1991), Dr.Sci. (Phys.‑Math.) (1987), Full Professor (1993). Merited Scientist of the RB...

YULDYBAYEVA Gulnar Vildanovna

YULDYBAYEVA Gulnar Vildanovna (b.28.12. 1976, Saitbaba village, Gafuriyskiy district, BASSR), folklorist. Candidate of Philology (2006). Graduated from BSU (1999). Scientific activity aims to study poetics of Bashkir epics, condition of modern Bashkir folklore. Wrote and compiled “Modern folklore of...

YULDYBAYEV, Marat Hadiyevich

YULDYBAYEV, Marat Hadiyevich (b.30.9.1951, Ufa), Saxophonist. People’s (1989) and Merited (1985) Artist of the BASSR. Graduated from the UAI (1974) and Ufa School of Arts (1978). Since 1980, Artistic Managing Dir. of Dustar jazz band. Since 1976, he has lived and worked in Bangkok. A world‑famous musician....

YULDASHEV Robert Nazhipovich

YULDASHEV Robert Nazhipovich (b.9.7. 1971, Ufa), quaray player. National artist of RB (2012) Graduated from USIA (2000). Organized the quaray ensemble in Orenburgskaya region, Gafuriyskiy district, RB. Founded and headed “Kuraysy” ethnic band (since 2006). He is a master of virtuous techniques of kuray,...

YULAY AZNALIN

YULAY AZNALIN (1729; according to other data, 1730, Derevnya Tekeyevo of Shaytan‑Kudeyskaya Volost of Siberian Doroga — not earlier than 1797, Baltiysky Port of Estland Gub.), Participant of the 1771–73 Polish Campaign and Peasant War of 1773—75, Colonel of the Pugachyov’s Rebellion. Father of Salavat...

YULAY and SALAVAT

“YULAY and SALAVAT”, a monument of Bashkir literature, epic. It has poetic and prose form. Was registered in the beginning of the 20th c. by M.A. Burangulov from Gabit-sesen. The main theme is the struggle of Bashkir people against national and colonial oppression. The epic has 2 chronologically arranged...

YULAMAN KUSHAYEV

YULAMAN KUSHAYEV (not earlier than 1729 — ?), Participant of the Peasant War of 1773—75, General under Pugachyov’s command. In December, 1773, joined the Uprising and led the rebel movement in Isetskaya Province. In 1774, together with I.N.Gryaznov participated in the siege and capture of Chelyabinsk...

YUKHA

YUKHA, is an evil demon in Bashkir mythology. It appears in bylichkas, fairytales, such as “Yukha”, “Yulbat”, prose version of “Ural-batyr version etc.According to belief, a 500-1000-year-old azhdakha turns into Y. (azhdakha usually does not reach the age of Y. as it could take him to Kaf-tau mountain)....

YOUTH’S PRINTED PRODUCTS

YOUTH’S PRINTED PRODUCTS, periodicals intended for young people. In the RB, Y.p.p. are represented by the following newspapers: Yeshlek (since 1923; in the Bashkir language; Youth), Omet (since 1991; in Tatar; Hope), Molodyozhnaya Gazeta (since 1923, in Russian; since 2016 – electronic edition), and...

YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS AND MOVEMENTS

YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS AND MOVEMENTS. Youth organizations (Y.o.) – public associations of citizens under the age of 14—30 years. Y.o shall implement joint activities stated in the charter (regulation) on common goals. They also have a fixed membership. Youth movements (Y.m.) unites large groups of young...

YOUTH GAMES

YOUTH GAMES are mass entertaining activities during ethnic celebrations that include reading fortunes, ethnic games, sledging, ethnic dances, bean-feasts, wearing costumes, round dances and others. Young people used to participate in collecting foods, prizes, kolyadovaniye as well as to organizing  games...