SCULPTURE
SCULPTURE, a kind of fine arts, the samples of which have a three‑dimensional shape and performed by carving, cutting, molding, forging, casting, and other techniques.
In Bashkortostan, S. started to develop in the 40s of the 20th century and is associated with the creative work of V.G.Morozova, Lina Po, S.D.Tavasiyev. T.P.Nechayeva introduced into the Bashkir S. the originality that reflected in the emotional intensity, psychological depth of the portraits (Builder Flura, Dancer T.Hudaiberdina, Akhmetka, Mustai Karim).
The post‑war construction determined the content of the art of the 50s: pronouncedly heroized image of a worker, ambitious and energetic, became the theme of the first works of B.D.Fuzeyev (Worker,
Laboratory Assistant Nailya).
In the 60s, S. in the Republic was intensively developing, the works by Z.R.Basyrov, E.M.Tsibulsky, A.P.Shutov, and M.K.Yakubov were created in the key theme — people of labour, national images.
In the 70s, the interest in thematic compositions was growing, the content of the works of S. significantly broadened: Young Sheepherdsman. Towards the Sun by Nechayeva, Daughter of Water, Soldier’s Toast by Basyrov. With the arrival of sculptors educated at special educational institutions of Moscow (N.A.Kalinushkin, H.M.Habibrakhmanov) and Leningrad (Yu.F.Soldatov),
- becomes more diverse in plastic solutions and genres. There are works by N.A.Kalinushkin, bold in styling and volumetric solutions (Paganini), who had an impact on updating the artistic language of the Bashkir S. Since 1988, on his initiative Ufa hosted sculptural symposia with the partici‑
pation of Russian masters who gave an impulse to further development of the S. of Bashkortostan: in mid. 90s, the search for a new graphical system and a different understanding of art tasks was ongoing, there was contiguity of thought, expressed in sign symbolism. The creative work of the students and followers of N.А.Kalinushkin — V.G.Lobanov (A Plant On a Cube, Aquaruim), F.S.Nuriakhmetov (Tors Turkan Hatun, The Barque of Isis) — demonstrates the individuality of character interpretation, large significance is given to metaphoricity, experiments with spatial constructions and architectonics of compositions. Less radical art solutions, light stylization of forms are characteristic of the works by М.R.Halilov (Wheel) and H.М.Habibrakhmanov (In the Memory of Rudolph Nereyev); simultaneously the Academy of S. continued to develop, represented by Yu.F.Soldatov (Portrait of А.D.Burzyantsev), V.А.Dvornik (Portrait of Father). In early 21st century, there appear the works by I.F.Gilyazov, R.R.Nigmatullin, R.A.Khasanov, R.А.Khusainov, etc who worked in various areas of S. The small‑scale
- is represented in the creative works of G.N.Berezin, L.N.Galeyeva, L.А.Gosachinskaya, М.N.Gulchenko, R.А.Salimgareyev, etc. In the S. of Bashkortostan in late 20th — early 21st centuries, along with the independence of creative search there is an impact from European plastic arts, facilitated by the participation of Bashkir artists in international sculpture symposia. Also refer to Medallic Art, Monumental Art and Decorative Applied Art.
