KURAY

KURAY, a wind mus. instrument of the Bashkirs. Made from the Ural rippler stem. It is a tube with a 570—810 mm length and a diameter of approx. 20 mm with 5 holes (4 holes on the front and 1 — on the back). The sound row is formed from the clutch of two pentatonic maeure inclination from the base tone at the distance of a quarta (in the dominant ratio), which make up the hexachord; the range is about 3 octaves. The sound occurs when the air goes through the instrument with the simultaneous fingertips pressing on the holes (the air is directed by the tip of the artist's tongue). The timbre of the sound is soft, gentle and close to the timbre of a human voice (often the performance is accompanied by a throat burdenic sound; ref. Uzlyau). Regional varieties of the instrument include: kyyik kuray (K. with an oblique cut), sor kuray (short K.; predominantly women's instrument), hybyzga (swirl). The Kurgan Obl. Bashkirs have K. with 2 holes. In 1976, V.Sh.Shugayupov invented the technology of K. production from the wooden veneer. K. is a solo, ensemble and orchestral instrument, which is intended for folk dance tunes, marches, sound imitation melodies. Instrumental varieties are like uzun-kyuy, kyska-kyuy, etc, are also used as a singing accompaniment. In 1978, the Isyanbayev Republican kurists competition Award was established, in 2001 — the K. festival. A monument to K. (by M.A.Bayramgulov, the author and Merited Cultural Worker of the RB) established on the Tugazhman Mount, Baymaksky Raion. Since 2018, K. has been registered as a terr. symbol of Bashkortostan.