GUBERNIYA

GUBERNIYA, a name of an administrative and territory unit in Russia between 18th — early 20th centuries. Established by the Decree of December 18th 1708, G. were divided into uyezds and between 1719—80 — into guberniyas. G. were headed by governors. In 1775—96, G. were transformed into Namestnichestvos. Between the late 18— 19th centuries G. (two or more) were united into general gubernatorstvos (Governorates General). Until the 1740s, the Bashkortostan territory was part of the Kazan and Siberian Gub. (ref. Administrative and Territorial System). In 1744, part of the Bashkortostan comprised Orenburg Gub., which, in 1782, was transformed into Ufa Namestnichestvo. Since the late 18th century, the peripheral parts of Bashkortostan were part of Vyatsk, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Samara, Saratov, Simbirsk, and Tobolsk guberniyas. In 1796, Orenburg Gub. was newly established. In 1865, it was divided into Orenburg and Ufa guberniyas. Between 1781—96, the Bashkir territory was part of Ufa and Simbirsk general gubernatorstvos; between 1851—65 of Orenburg and Samara general gubernatorstvos; between 1865—81 — of Orenburg General Gubernatorstvo. Simbirsk and Ufa gen. governors: I.V.Yakobi (since 1781), A.I.Apukhtin (since 1782), I.A.Igelstrom (since 1784), A.A.Peutling (since 1792), and S.K.Vyazmitinov (1794—96). Orenburg and Samara gen. governors: V.A.Perovsky (since 1851), A.A.Katenin (since 1857), and A.P.Bezak (1860—64). Orenburg Gen. Governor — N.A.Kryzhanovsky (1865—81).