PUSHKIN, Alexander Sergeyevich

PUSHKIN, Alexander Sergeyevich (26.5. 1799 in Moscow — 29.1.1837 in St. Petersburg, buried in the Svyatogorsky Monastery cemetery in Pskov Gub.), Russian Writer. Founder of the modern Russian literature and literary language. The author of Eugene Onegin (1823—1831) poetic novel, narrative poems Ruslan and Lyudmila (1820), Caucasian Prisoner (1820—1821), Bakhchisaraysky Fountain (1821—1823), Belkin’s Tales literary cycle (1830), etc. In 1833, visited Orenburg Gubeniya. First mentioned the Bashkirs in his poem Brigand Brothers (unfinished, partially published in 1825). In his book The History of Pugachev (first published in 1834 under the name The History of Pugachevsky Riot) and in the short novel The Captain’s Daughter (1836) dedicated to the events of the Peasant War of 1773—75 P. showed the justice of the people’s indignation and created memorable images of the Bashkirs. In 1899, M.I.Umetbayev translated the poem Bakhchisaraysky Fountain and a number of poems by P. into the Ural-Volga Turkic language. Z.A.Biisheva, R.Ya.Garipov, M.Karim, N.Nadzhmi and others translated the creative works by P. into the Bashkir too. Numerous performances were staged in≈the Bashkir Drama Theatre, the Opera and Ballet Theatre and other Republican theatres based of P.’s creative works. The Pushkiniana vocal mus. cycle (1974) was written based on the poem by Kh.F.Akhmetov, poet.