FLORICULTURE

FLORICULTURE, the cultivation of herbaceous decorative plants in order to obtain flowers for cutting, planting in parks and gardens, squares, for interior decoration; a branch of plant growing.

In Ufa Gub. before the revolution of 1917, F. was practiced mostly by the nobility, merchants, landowners, sometimes small service‑men, government officials. In 1920, a horticulture group was created in order to take care of parks and gardens and to create flowerbeds. In 1935, the Zelenstroy Trust was established. Until the middle of the 20th century, mainly tree and shrub plants were used for landscaping, about 15 species and varieties of annual plants; in 1939, in the Central Recreation and Leisure Park the picture of V.I.Leninmade of flowers was represented for the first time in history. In 1974, the Tsvety Bashkirii state farm was established (ref. Tsvety Bashkortostana). Each year the employees of GUP Gorzelenkhoz plant more than 600 thousand of annual and perennial flowers, refresh the content of city flower vases and flower beds; potted plants are broadly used in the design of garden beds and alpine slides, small architectural forms. There are active garden centres in the Republic, such as Alleya Roz, Lyubimaya Dacha, Mega‑flora, Floranzh, etc; flower salons such as Iris, Nikol, Shafali, Mosrozaopt, etc. By 2018, scientists of the republic have bred 23 varieties of peony (Iremel, Pesnya kuraya, Ural‑batyr, etc), 11 varieties of hippeastrum (Akbuzat, Bashkiriya, Fyodor Shalyapin, etc), 4 varieties of iris (Amina, Kashkadan, SalavanChempion, Salyam).