ETHYLENE

ETHYLENE, a colorless gas with a slight scent. The production of ethylene was mastered in Bashkortostan in 1957 at the Ufa Plant of Synthetic Alcohols through the pyrolysis of petroleum gas (since 1968 through the pyrolysis of gasoline). Used in the synthetic ethanol manufacturing by method of its hydration, since 1960 – in production of high‑pressure polyethylene, since 1963 – in production of ethylbenzene, since 1970 – in production of ethylene‑propylene rubber. In 1961 E. production was commissioned at Combine No.18 (ref. Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat) by the method of pyrolysis of ethane and propane‑propylene fractions, since 1972 – by pyrolysis of the gasoline fractions with a low octane number; since 1984 – by pyrolysis of the Refinery’s fractions (overpoint – 62°C and 35–80°C), with a boiling point between 85–180°C from hydrotreatment and catalytic reforming plants and gasoline raffinate. Applied since 1969 for the synthesis of ethylbenzene, since 1963 – E.‑oxide and E.‑glycols, since 1962 – high‑pressure polyethylene (by radical polymerization of E.) and since 2010 low (ion coordination) pressure; by Bashkortostan Soda Company – since 1964 for dichloroethane and vinyl chloride manufacturing. The RB ranks 2^nd among E. producers (16.4%) in the RF (2017).