BITUMENS

BITUMENS, multicomponent mixtures of high­molecular hydrocarbons (oils), resins and asphaltenes of solid, semi­solid or liquid consistency; characterized by high ductility, thermal and frost resistance, ad­hesion. Ishimbay Deposit is the most de­veloped; balance reserves of B., the B. density (983 kg/m³) and the B. ratio (14,0–47,9%) have been defined. The production of high quality synthetic gaso­ lines of all types has been mastered in the RB. Deposits of B. have been discovered in Voskresensk, Duvan, Kazayak and Shakhtau zones of the Pre­-Urals Regional Caving, at Inzer, Zilmerdak and Yamantau zones of the western slope of the Urals as well as at the platform area of the Republic, i.e. in Sergeyevsk-­Dyomsk, Tavtimanovo­Urmansk and  Kultyubinsk  zones.  The  deposits  of natural bitumen have also been discovered in the Upper Permian sediments of the South Tatar arch (Aznaev zone).