VEGETABLE GROWING

VEGETABLE GROWING, a branch of plant growing concerned with cultivation of vegetable crops. There are V.g. of open and protected soils. Vegetables in field conditions are grown in the open soil, while vegetables in the off‑season period and open soil seedlings are grown in the protected soil.

The development of V.g. in Bashkortostan is related to the organization of collective and state farms. By the 1940 the vegetable crops in the open soils were grown on the area of about 16.5 thous. ha, their assortment has expanded, the seed breeding received development. The growth of cities and industrial centers contributed to the further development of the economic sector, the creation of specialized vegetable farms and horticultural industry. The vegetable crops planting acreage in the open soil in 1994 was 20.7 thous. ha, in 2007 — 22.3, in 2015 — 16 thous. ha. In 2015 farms of all categories produced 366 thous. t of vegetables, incl. 83 thous. t produced by agricultural organizations; the yield amounted to 186.7 Cwt/ha. Considerable areas of vegetable crops plantations belong to farms of Sterlitamaksky, Tuymazinsky, Ufimsky and Sharansky raions. The highest yield of vegetables is produced by GUSP Alekseyevsky, Buzdyaksky Greenhouse Complex, KFKh Agli of Chishminsky Raion, SPK Krasnaya Bashkiriya of Abzelilovsky Raion, etc.