Список материалов

EID AL-FITR, one of the most important Muslim holidays. It begins on the 1st of the month of Shawwal (the 10th month of the Muslim Calendar) and lasts 3 to 4 days. It marks the end of the sawm, which is a 30‑day fast in the month of Ramadhan (the 9th month of the Muslim calendar), during which Muslims...

ECONOMY, a set of occupations, production tools and methods. Depending on the economy and culture, the key occupations of Bashkirs in the system of traditional E. were semi‑nomadic cattle breeding (in south. and south‑east. areas) and arable farming (west. and north.‑west.); they also engaged in hunting,...

ECONOMIC TIES, the system of economic relations arising from labour differentiation, production specialization and co‑operation, proper distribution of productive forces. They develop at the level of micro‑ (between economic entities), meso‑ (between regions and territorial entities of the RF), and...

ECOMONIC INNOVATION, both scientific research and development, and scientific and technical achievements implementation for the purposes of new products or technological process improvement or creation. Development of innovative activity, and development of innovative programs and strategies are indispensable...

ECO TOURISM, travel to territories of wild nature in order to better understand the local culture and natural environment. It aims to not violate the integrity of ecosystems and make the protection of natural resources seen as beneficial for local residents. In Bashkortostan, the most active types of...

ECLOGITE, an over‑pressured magmatic and metamorphic rock. It is made by critical mineral association of pyrop‑grossular‑almandi of new garnet, jadeite‑diopside‑clinopiroxen (omphacite), rutile, secondary minerals (quartz, coesite, cyanite, zoisite, hornblende, and ilmenite). By its chemical composition,...

EASTERN ACADEMY OF ECONOMICS, HUMANITIES AND LAW, a private institution of higher education. Located in Ufa. Founded in 1993 under the name of Eastern External Humanitarian University, since 1994 — Eastern Institute of Economics, Humanities, Management and Law, since 2007 — the current name and status....

EARLY PRINTED BOOK, a monument of book culture; published during a certain period after the appearance of book printing; it has design similarities with a handwritten book. The majority of the E.p.b., stored in the collections of books and manuscripts, were collected in the 20th century; the earliest...