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SIGN is a folklore genre, a saying that appeared as a result of long observations of natural phenomena, plant properties, animals, bird and insect behavior, which react to the change of weather in a particular way. In ancient times S. were an unwritten set of meteorological knowledge. The structure...

“SILVER CORD”    (“Shiy    kandyra”),  i n t e r r e g i o n a l   f e s t i v a l ­ - c o m p e t i ­ t i o n   o f   f o l k   d a n c e   o f   E a s t e r n  M a r i. It has been held in Kaltasinsky district since 2011 once every two years in order to preserve, develop, and promote the traditions...

“SIX YEGETS”, Bashkir ethnic song, kyska-kuy. The variants of “S.y.” were registered by S.G. Rybakov in 1893 in Tashbulatovo village, Verhkneuralskiy District and published in “Music and songs of the Ural Muslims and their household description”. The melody has a dancing nature and square structure....

SOCIETY OF STUDYING BASHKIRIA was founded in Sterlitamak by the decree of CEC ASBR of February 16, 1922 as a Society of studying households, culture and history of Bashkiria at PC for education. In September of 1922 it merged with the Society for the study of the South Urals, moved to Ufa and was renamed...

SOCIETY OF VIETNAMESE CITIZENS is a social organization located in Bashkortostan. Founded in 2002 in Ufa to preserve spiritual and material culture, traditions, customs and folklore of the Vietnamese. Ufa held the Day of the Vietnamese community in 2006, the Days of culture of the Socialist Republic...

“SONAYIM”, Bashkir ethnic song, kyska-kuy. First registered by G.Z. Suleymanov from the quaray player G. Shamsutdinov in 1940 in Isyanbetovo village, Bayakskiy District, BASSR. It is published in the book “Bashkort khalk yirdary”. Further registration was made by K.F. Akhmetov. It has a playing takmak....

“SONGS OF THE EASTERN MARI” (“Ervel mariy muro-vlak”), a set of samples of the Mari folklore (Yoshkar-Ola, 1994). Compiled by G.G. Gadiatov. The collection includes materials from the folklore expedition of the 1990s by the Mari Research Institute of Language, Literature, and History to various districts...

SOUL is the spiritual essence of a person, a special immaterial immortal power that lives in a person’s body (sometimes in the bodies of animals, plants). It leaves him when he dies or sleeps and appears again after a person dies in other material shape, according to religious be­ liefs. It is an independent...

SPELL, spellcasting is a genre of ritual folklore, verbal formula, which aim to influence an object. Its origin is connected with pagan ethnic beliefs. It has poetic and prose form. Poetic S. are uttered in a recitative manner. The actions mentioned in S. should produce the desired effect in reality....

“SQUADRON”, Bashkir ethnic song, khalmak-kuy. It was registered by G.Z. Suleymanov from Kharis Khakimov in 1929 in the 2nd Trukhmenevo village, Zilairskiy canton BASSR (now 2nd Turkmenevo, Baymakskiy District, RB). The lyrics are published in “Bashkir ethnic art” (1st v., 1954). The lyrics and noted...

SQUEEZEBOX, a pneumatic keyboard musical instru­ment. The body consists of left and right keyboards and bellows between. The sound source consists of free­flowing metal tabs fixed in the slots of metal frames. The right key­ board is designed for playing a melody; the left one is for bass­ chord accompaniment...

“ST. NICOLAS TEMPLE”  R u s s i a n h i s t o r i c a l  a n d   c u l t u r a l   c e n t e r, public organization, branch of the Bashkortostan house of Peoples’ Friendship. It was created in 1994 in the village Nikolo-Berezovka of Krasnokamsky district of the RB in order to safeguard and revive the...

“STEPPE YARKEY”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kuy. First registered by M.A. Burangulov in the 1930’s in Mryasovo village, Novosergievskiy District, Orenburgskaya region, its variants were published in the “Bashkort khalk yirdary” collection (instru­ mental variant was registered by K.F. Akhmetov from G.G....

STORY is an oral story about events that happened a long time ago, claims to be truth. It often comes from stories of eyewitnesses (see Memory story). L. is told from one person to another and the plot transforms due to poetical interpretation, artistic fiction and variety. The plausibility of a L....

STORYTELLER  is  a  person  who  tells narratives, ethnic epic songs, he is a folklore medium. S. could create variations, their own interpretations of the stories according to their skills, peculiarities of the narrative, place and time  of  telling.  S.  often  played  doumbyra, kuray or kubyz while...

“SUDARUSHKI”, Russian song choir of Uchaly Philharmonic. Created in 1978 as a choir of Russian songs at the house of culture “Gornyak” of Uchaly Mining and Processing Plant; it has had its current status since 2000; it has had its current name since 2017. In 1987 it was titled “People’s”. The repertoire...

“SUKAN-BATYR”, Bashkir kubair. It was first registered by N.D. Shunkarov from a kuray player, Safargali Sultanbekov, in 1962 in Norkino village, Argayashskiy District, Chelyabinskaya region. It is published in D.Z. Valeev’s book called “Spiritual heritage of the Bashkirs from Argayashskiy District”...

SULEYMANOV Akhmet Mukhametvaleyevich (15.3.1939 in Derevnya Nabiyevo, Burzyansky Raion of the BASSR – 21.11.2016 in Ufa, buried in his homeland). Associate Member of the AS RB (2016), Dr. Sci. (Philology, 1991) and Full Professor (1995). Merited Scientist of the Russian Federation (2006) and the RB...

SULEYMANOV Rif Safinovich (b. 9.6. 1936), musicologist, folklorist. Doctor of Art History (2006). His research is devoted to the study of genres of Bashkir ethnic song, ceremonies, as well as the reconstruction of the dumbyra, dungur, and kyl-kubyz. Author of more than 30 research papers, 5 invention...

SULEYMANOV, Gata Zulkafilovich (15.6. 1912, Derevnya Trukhmenevo 1st of Orsky Uyezd of Orenburg Gub., now Selo Turkmenevo 1st of Baymaksky Raion of the RB, – 25.6. 1988, Ufa), Actor, Singer (baritone), Kurai Player, Teacher. People’s Artist of the BASSR (1963), Merited Worker of Culture of the RSFSR...