Список материалов
SOLAR POWER STATION
SOLAR POWER STATION (SPS), a structure to transform solar radiation into electric power. SPS, on photovoltaic modules, are used in the RB; the isolation level is favourable and is equal to 1.3 thousand kW‑hours/m2 per year. The first SPS (3 kW of power; 24 modules; Avtomatika Plant project) was put...
SOLITON
SOLITON, Research Institute, AO. Located in Ufa. Established in 1955. Main activities: development, manufacture and repair of multi‑channel digital systems for data transfer through electrical cables and fibreoptic communication lines, radio‑relay communication lines, tropospheric and satellite communication...
SOLNYSHKO
SOLNYSHKO, is a studio theatre of the Sterlitamak city Palace of Culture. Founded in 1978 as a choreographic ensemble. Since 2006 – the current status. In 1993, received “the Exemplary” title and since 2014 — Merited Folk Collective of the Russian Federation. The S.’s repertoire includes the ballets...
SONAYIM
“SONAYIM”, Bashkir ethnic song, kyska-kuy. First registered by G.Z. Suleymanov from the quaray player G. Shamsutdinov in 1940 in Isyanbetovo village, Bayakskiy District, BASSR. It is published in the book “Bashkort khalk yirdary”. Further registration was made by K.F. Akhmetov. It has a playing takmak....
SONGS OF THE EASTERN MARI
“SONGS OF THE EASTERN MARI” (“Ervel mariy muro-vlak”), a set of samples of the Mari folklore (Yoshkar-Ola, 1994). Compiled by G.G. Gadiatov. The collection includes materials from the folklore expedition of the 1990s by the Mari Research Institute of Language, Literature, and History to various districts...
SOSHNIKOV, Dmitry Yakovlevich
SOSHNIKOV, Dmitry Yakovlevich [8.11. 1915, Selo Okhlebinino of Ufimsky Uyezd of namesake gub. (Iglinsky Raion of the RB) – 25.10.1985, Ufa], Industrialist. Candidate of Engineering Science (1971). Awarded with the Order of Lenin (1966), the 2nd Class Order of the Patriotic War (1944), Order of the Red...
SOUL
SOUL is the spiritual essence of a person, a special immaterial immortal power that lives in a person’s body (sometimes in the bodies of animals, plants). It leaves him when he dies or sleeps and appears again after a person dies in other material shape, according to religious be liefs. It is an independent...
SOUTH URAL
SOUTH URAL, the largest reserve of federal value in the Bashkir (Southern) Urals of area 252.8 thous. ha (in the territory of the RB — 228.4 thous. ha) within the territory of Beloretsky Raion of the RB and Chelyabinsk Oblast. It was organized to preserve mountain taiga spruce and fir forests, alpine...
SOUTH-URAL RAILWAY
SOUTH-URAL RAILWAY, a branch of OAO Russian Railways. Founded in 1934. The following railway lines of the S.‑U.R. pass through the territory of the RB: Magnitogorsk–Ufa (110 km), Miass–Uchaly (97), Muraptalovo–Sakmarskaya (12 km)....
SPECIAL (REMEDIAL) SCHOOLS
SPECIAL (REMEDIAL) SCHOOLS, special educational institutions for children with psychophysiological disorders. Ufa Boarding School No.30 was one of the first R.S. in Bashkortostan. In 1940, there were: 21 R.S., in 1958 — 19, in 1990 — 33, in 2010 — 37 and in 2018 — 36. Blind and visually impaired children...
SPECIAL PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS
SPECIAL PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS (SPNA), sections of land, water surface and air space, where the natural complexes and sites of nature protective, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health-improving value are located; they are withdrawn completely or partially from commercial utilization...
SPELL
SPELL, spellcasting is a genre of ritual folklore, verbal formula, which aim to influence an object. Its origin is connected with pagan ethnic beliefs. It has poetic and prose form. Poetic S. are uttered in a recitative manner. The actions mentioned in S. should produce the desired effect in reality....
SPIRITUAL ADMINISTRATION OF MUSLIMS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
SPIRITUAL ADMINISTRATION OF MUSLIMS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN, religious organization that unites some of the RB Muslim parishes (mahalla) and coordinates their activities. Located in Ufa (in 1917—23 it was located in Sterlitamak). Main fields of activity include religious organizations, and...
SPIVAK, Aleksandr Ivanovich
SPIVAK, Aleksandr Ivanovich [17.11.1923, Selo Mikhailovka of Belebey Canton, BASSR (now Buzdyaksky Raion of the RB) – 20.1.2007], Mining Engineer. Merited Acad. of the AS RB (1991), Dr. of Engineering (1972), Full Professor (1972). Merited Scientist and Engineer of the RSFSR (1974), BASSR (1967), Merited...
SPIVAKOV, Vladimir Teodorovich
SPIVAKOV, Vladimir Teodorovich (b.12.9.1944, Chernikovsk, now part of Ufa), Violinist, Conductor. People’s Artist of the USSR (1989), RF (1999), RB (2014), Armenian SSR (1989), Ukrainian Republic (2001), the Republic of Dagestan, Kabardino‑Balkar Republic (2013). Laureate of USSR State Award (1989),...
SPK NAMED AFTER LENIN
SPK NAMED AFTER LENIN, an agricultural enterprise specializing in the production of livestock breeding and plant growing. Horse breeding and beekeeping are being developed. Located in Baymaksky Raion, the central farm is in Selo Verkhnetavlykayevo. Established in 2002 as APC Kolkhoz named after Lenin...
SPORTS TOURISM
SPORTS TOURISM, a kind of sport which includes various sports‑related competitions on tourist routes and over distances of varying categories and/or degrees of difficulty. Among of most developed types of S.t. in Bashkortostan are water sports/boating, mountain, horse‑riding, skiing, hiking and caving...
SQUADRON
“SQUADRON”, Bashkir ethnic song, khalmak-kuy. It was registered by G.Z. Suleymanov from Kharis Khakimov in 1929 in the 2nd Trukhmenevo village, Zilairskiy canton BASSR (now 2nd Turkmenevo, Baymakskiy District, RB). The lyrics are published in “Bashkir ethnic art” (1st v., 1954). The lyrics and noted...
SQUEEZEBOX
SQUEEZEBOX, a pneumatic keyboard musical instrument. The body consists of left and right keyboards and bellows between. The sound source consists of freeflowing metal tabs fixed in the slots of metal frames. The right key board is designed for playing a melody; the left one is for bass chord accompaniment...
ST. NICOLAS TEMPLE
“ST. NICOLAS TEMPLE” R u s s i a n h i s t o r i c a l a n d c u l t u r a l c e n t e r, public organization, branch of the Bashkortostan house of Peoples’ Friendship. It was created in 1994 in the village Nikolo-Berezovka of Krasnokamsky district of the RB in order to safeguard and revive the...
