Для авторизации на текущем портале в Вашем профиле ЕСИА должно быть заполнено поле "Электронная почта"

Log in
The regional interactive encyclopedic portal «Bashkortostan»
Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan State autonomous institution of science of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkir encyclopedia

Список материалов

Article name
Содержание статьи
Author
Rubric
Biographies
Encyclopedia
Reset

APITHERAPY

APITHERAPY, the treatment by means of bee­keeping products. The medicinal drugs based on bee-keeping products contain amino acids, biologically active agents, vitamins, etc, which enhance immunity and metabolic processes, possess protective properties. There are several primary treatment options, such...

APHORISTICS

APHORISTICS E t h n i c,  a set of folk judgements expressed in laconic form. A. basis for proverbs and idioms. A. also include the sayings of  ancient writers, philosophers, publicists. Russian A. includes many apt quotations of A.S. Pushkin, A.S. Griboyedov, I.A. Krylov, A.P. Chekhov, Bashkir A. contains...

ANTITUBERCULOSIS HOSPITAL

ANTITUBERCULOSIS HOSPITAL,  the leading republican centre for prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Located in Ufa. It was founded in 1921. It consist of 8 branches located in Belortsk, Birsk, Ishimbay, Kumertau, Neftekamsk, Oktyabrsky, Salavat, Priyutovo and 3 subbranches in Ufa, an in-patient...

ANTHROPOLOGICAL TYPES

ANTHROPOLOGICAL TYPES, a system of inherited human features, characteristic of a certain group of people. A.t. are formed as a result of racogenesis and ethnogenesis. As a result of a research, there are 4 basic A.t. of Bashkirs: Sub-Ural, Pontian, Light Europeoid, South Siberian. The Sub-Ural type...

ANSERIFORMES

ANSERIFORMES, an order of birds. There are 2 known families and about 150 know species. There are 33 species of Anatidae family in the RB. Waterfowl, migratory birds of large (swans with body length up to 180 cm, and body mass up to 13.6 kg) and medium (common teal with body length up to 38 cm and body...

ANNUAL GRASSES

ANNUAL GRASSES, a group of agricultural plants with a life cycle of a single year. After ripening their seeds the plant dies. Cultivated for hay, green fodder or pasture. They give high yields of herbage, have a fairly high nutritional value. There are legumes (spring and winter vetch, annual clover,...

ANIMISM

ANIMISM (from Latin anima – soul, spirit) is the belief in existence of souls and spirits, supernatural, supersensible images that appear as active objects and phenomena of the material world in religious thinking. Souls and spirits couldbeamorphous,phitomorphous,zoomorphous, anthropomorphous creatures,...

ANIMATED FILMS

ANIMATED FILMS, a type of cinema art works which are created by phase-by-stage shooting of drawings and three-dimensional compositions. In Bashkortostan, the first animated film was shot in 1967 by A.M.Valeyev (The Adventures of Petya Petrushin, a puppet film). In the 1980s, animated films were made,...

ANIMALS AND BIRDS CULT

ANIMALS AND BIRDS CULT, zoolatry, religious veneration based on the concept of a certain kinship between man and a totem animal or bird, endowing supernatural properties to it (ref. Totemism, Cult of ancestors). Having changed, it partially survived and found reflection in the various aspects of culture. The...

ANIKIN Vladimir Prokopyevich

ANIKIN Vladimir Prokopyevich (6.8.1924– 25.9.2018), folklorist. Doctor of Philology (1974). Honored Professor of MSU. His research is devoted to the study of the history and theory of folklore, genres of Russian folklore, and folklore in the works of Russian writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. He...

ANCIENT UFA

ANCIENT UFA, a Republican history and culture museum and reserve. Located in Ufa. Founded in 2011 in order to preserve, popularize and study the Gorodishche Ufa II archeological artifact of federal significance. Dating back to the 4th and 14th centuries AD, this artifact is the main cultural heritage...

AMZINSKY  LESOKOMBINAT

AMZINSKY  LESOKOMBINAT,  AO. Performs the full production cycle: harvesting, mechanical and added-value chemical processing of wood. Produces merchantable wood, lumber, solid wood furniture, board parquet, firewood, trim molding, charcoal, ethyl acetate, wood resin, activated carbon, vinegar acid, etc....

AMPHIBIANS

AMPHIBIANS (Amphibia), a class of vertebrates. There are about 4500 known species. There are tailed and tail less orders of A. with 12 species. They have body length range of 4–12 cm. Adult species eat animal food, while larvae eat small invertebrates and sea weed. A. lead aquatic, paraaquatic and terrestrial...

AMIROV, Mubarakyan Vasfiyevich

AMIROV, Mubarakyan Vasfiyevich [3.7. 1886, Derevnya Burayevo of Birsky Uyezd of  Ufa  Gub.  (Burayevsky  Raion  of  the RB) – 7.3.1968, Ufa], Librarian, Bibliographer. After graduating from the Gusmaniya madrassa  (Ufa,  1906),  he  worked  as a teacher at rural schools. Since 1911 – worked at Shark...

AMIROV, Gilvan Gilmutdinovich

AMIROV, Gilvan Gilmutdinovich (12.5. 1916, Ufa – 1.6.1991, Ibid.), Cameraman. Merited Cultural Worker of the RSFSR (1977), Merited Artist of the BASSR (1948). Completed a training course at the Vostokkino Yalta Film Factory (1932). Between 1933–41, he worked as an assistant cameraman at the Ufa Newsreel...

AMINEV Zakiryan Galimyanovich

AMINEV Zakiryan Galimyanovich (b. 30.1. 1954), philosopher, ethnographer. Candidate of Philosophy (2010). His research is devoted to mythology, pre­Islamic worldview, and traditional culture of the Bashkirs. Author of more than 200 research papers....

AMBASSADORS OF THE URALS

AMBASSADORS OF THE URALS (Ural Ilselere), the opera by Z.G.Ismagilov in 3 acts based on the drama of I.I.Dilmukhametov Living Land. Written in 1981. The premiere took place on March 30th, 1982 on the stage of the Palace of Culture and Technology of OAO UZEMIK (libretto by Dilmukhametov, music director...

AMATEUR ART GROUPS

AMATEUR ART GROUPS is one of the forms of individual and collective folk art. Implies the creation and execution of art works by amateurs. Participants of the amateur art groups are either members of various art teams under the cultural and leisure institutions, educational institutions and other organizations...

AMANTAY (Amantayev), Gabdulla Gareyicevh

AMANTAY (Amantayev), Gabdulla Gareyicevh (23.2.1907, Derevnya Verkhne-Kunakbayevo of Orenb. Uyezd of the same name gub. (now Selo Verkhne-Kunakbay of Perevolotsky Raion of Orenb. Obl.) — 10.7.1938), Writer and Philologist. Member of the Union of Writers of the BASSR. Studied in the Khusainiya Madrasa....

AMANTAY (Amantayev) Gabdulla Gareyevich

AMANTAY (Amantayev) Gabdulla Gareyevich (23.2.1907, Derevnya Verkhne­Kunakbayevo of Orenb. Uyezd of the same name gub. (now Selo Verkhne Kunakbay of Perevolotsky Raion of Orenb. Obl.) – 10.7.1938), Writer and Philologist. Member of the Union of Writers of the BASSR. Graduated from the Leningrad Institute...