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PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75 (Pugachyov Uprising, the 1773—75 Civil War) is Russia’s largest movement of the masses of people in the Middle and Lower Volga, the Southern Urals and Western Siberia territories. Caused by the strengthening of feudal oppression, violation of the South‑Eastern territories population’s...

PRODUCT COMPETITIVENESS, the ability of products to compete in the market with similar products of other producers; possession of competitive advantages, i.e. properties, which meet the needs of consumers at high competitive level. The presence of competing products in the region contributes to reducing...

PROCESS LIME. The production of process lime in Bashkortostan was mastered in the 40s at the soda plant, in 1981 – at the lime plant (both – in Sterlitamak). Applied in metallurgy, food and chemical and construction industries, acid waste water neutralization, soil deoxidizing during autumn and spring...

  PLACER AND ORE GOLD, 1) mineral of the class of native elements, Au; 2) natural mineral formations containing gold in the quantities, which make it economically expedient to be extracted with the help of modern industrial methods. Placer gold is found in the form of natural alloys with silver (up...

PICIFORMES, an order of birds. There are 6 known families with about 400 species. There are 7 P. families in the RB. Non migratory, nomadic and migratory birds of small (small woodpecker with body length up to 18 cm and body mass of about 32 g) and average (black woodpecker with body length up to 49...

PALACE OF SPORTS. Located in Ufa. It is part of the Salavat Yulayev hockey club. Built in 1967 and renovated in 2012, it has a large and a small sports arenas. The large arena includes an ice hockey rink, stands for 3,500 seats, a cafй for 80 seats while the small arena also comprises an ice hockey...

PEAR, a plant genus of the Rosaceae family. There are about 60 species known. In the RB the Ussuri P. is being grown in all the agricultural zones. Winter resistent, reproduced by grafting. The highest yield — 150 Cwt/ha (Kushnarenkovskoe Experimental Production Farm, 2009). Fruits are used fresh and...

PEA, a plant genus of the Fabaceae family. There are 6—7 species known. In Bashkortostan field P. is being cultivated, which has edible (shell and vegetable) and fodder varieties. Annual herbaceous plant. Blooms in June. Fruit — bean with 3—10 seeds, ripens at the end of July – beginning of August....

PATRIMONIAL LAW OF THE BASHKIRS, a set of legal norms regulating the possession, use and disposal of land by the Bashkir communal peasants. Goes back to the customary law. P.L.o.t.B. regulated land relationship within the Bashkir society, between the Bashkir holders of patrimonial estate and the State,...

PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS (PALET), detachments of the Red Guard in the South Urals. Formed by the Ufa Council of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies in the Summer–Autumn period of 1917. They were first named workers’ militia druzhinas (detachments), whose task was to protect law and order in...

POLITICAL REPRESSIONS VICTIMS ASSOCIATION OF THE RB, public association established to protect the rights, dignity and interests of persons subjected to political purges and subsequently rehabilitated citizens and their relatives. Located in Ufa. Established in April, 1991. Member of the Russian Association...

PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB, public organization established to preserve and strengthen international harmony in the RB and the Russian Federation. Located in Ufa. Founded in June 2000, by the World Kurultay (Congress) of Bashkirs, Russians Assembly of Bashkortostan, Tatars Congress of Bashkortostan...

PHARMACIES, the healthcare institutions that manufacture, store and dispense drugs, hygiene products and other medical supplements. In 1787 the first private P. owned by B.Miller was opened in Ufa, in 1807 – government-owned. The development of pharmacy network and pharmacy as a field of economy was...

PETROLEUM REFINING AND PETROCHEMISTRY INSTITUTE of the RB, GUP. Located inUfa. Established in 1956. Main activities: development of integrated systems for oil and gas liquid refining; oil and associated gas treatment; oil and gas liquid rectification; low capacity petroleum refining facilities; catalytic...