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KARAVAYNITSA
KARAVAYNITSA is a woman baking wedding karavay bread. It is a common Slavic ceremony when people cooked ceremonial karavay bread, its origin is connected with ancient traditions of worship to the Sun, nature powers (see Earth-Water). It was believed that the way karavay was baked was equal to the way...
KARIM, Mustay
KARIM, Mustay [real name: Karimov Mustafa Safich; 20.10.1919, Derevnya Klyashevo of Ufim. Uyezd of the same name gub. (Chishminsky Raion of the RB) — 21.9.2005, Ufa]. People’s poet of the BASSR (1963). Merited Acad. of the AS RB (1992). Hero of Socialist Labour (1979). Merited Art Worker of the RSFSR...
KARIMOV, Marat Nabiyevich
KARIMOV, Marat Nabiyevich (b.9.1. 1930 in Derevnya Salikhovo, Zilairsky Canton of the BASSR, now Derevnya Kugarchi, Zianchurinsky Raion of the RB). People’s poet of the RB (2003). Merited Worker of Culture of the RB (1994). Awarded with the Order of Salavat Yulayev (2017). Member of the Union of Writers...
KARIMOV, Tagiryan (Tagir) Shakirovich
KARIMOV, Tagiryan (Tagir) Shakirovich [5.1.1912, Derevnya Akhmerovo of Sterlitamaksky Uyezd of Ufa Gub. (Aurgazinsky Raion of the RB) — 21.7.1978, Ufa], Composer. Merited Artist (1953, 1972) of the BASSR. Awarded with the Order of Badge of Honour (1957). Graduated from the Bashk. Music School (1953)....
KARKHUZ
KARKHUZ (from Bashkir “kara” – black and “khuz” – word, literally “an ancient story”). 1) is an ethnic term combining epic (epic, fairytale, lore, legend, bylichka) and aphoristic genres (idiom, proverb, a riddle, a nasikhat); 2) a fairytale, mythical short According to Bashkir customs, K. was allowed...
KARLYKHANOVSKY
KARLYKHANOVSKY, a zoological wildlife reserve of area 19.3 thous. ha in the territory of Belokataysky Raion. It was organized to restore the populations of game animals and rare animal species (1972). In the wildlife reserve there are true otter, European mink, bittern, gray crane, great gray owl, blindworm,...
KARMANOVSKOYE RESERVOIR
KARMANOVSKOYE RESERVOIR, on the Bui River (a tributary of the Kama River). The dam site is near Selo Karmanovo of Yanaulsky Raion. Built in 1968. Catchment area of the river in the crosssection of the water development — 3820 km2, aver. annual volume of inflow — 669 million m3, full volume — 134 million...
KARMASKALINSKY RAION
KARMASKALINSKY RAION, located in the central part of the RB. Established on August 20th, 1930. Included some volosts of Ufimsky Canton. Between 1935— 56, part of the territory belonged to Buzovyazovsky Raion. Territory — 1,751 km2. Adm. centre – Selo Karmaskaly, which is located 50 km SE of Ufa and...
KARMAZIN (Evain) Guriy Gavrilovich
KARMAZIN (Evain) Guriy Gavrilovich (15.3.1882–10.5.1938), linguist, folklorist. Associate Professor (1930). Together with V.M. Vasiliev, he developed the scientific principles for the development of the Mari language. He studied the song folklore of the Eastern Mari people, recorded 500 songs which...
KARPUKHIN IvanYegorovich
KARPUKHIN IvanYegorovich (b.5.2.1936, Vasilyevka village, Alsheyevskiy district, BASSR), folklorist. Honorary member of AS RB (2018), Doctor of Philology (1988), Professor (1998). He graduated from Sterlitamak Pedagogical Institute (1960) and has been working there since 1962. His scientific activities...
KARPUKHIN, Ivan Yegorovich
KARPUKHIN, Ivan Yegorovich (b.5.2.1936, Posyolok Vasilyevka of Alsheyevsky Raion of the BASSR), a Folklorist. Associate member of the Academy of Sciences of RB (2018), Doctor of Philological Sciences (1988) and Full Prof. (1998). Merited Secondary School Teacher of the BASSR (1986), Merited Science...
KARST
KARST, a set of processes and phenomena arising in natural water soluble rocks. It is characterized by a complex of underground (caves, caverns, passages, etc) and surface (funnels, depressions, etc) forms of relief, peculiarity of circulation and regimen of karst waters, river network and lakes. The...
KASKYN SAMAROV
KASKYN SAMAROV, Participant of the Peasant War of 1773—75, Pugachyov’s Colonel. Participant of the 1771– 73 Polish Campaign. Commander (between 1771—73) of the 10th Party of the Bashkir troops sent to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In October, the detachment of K.S. occupied the Voskresensky Plant,...
KATIL
KATIL (from Arabickiller) is the character from the “Ural-batyr” epic. He is a cruel and bloodthirsty tsar, whose lands are covered with the bones and blood of people; a black raven is his banner’s symbol (according to Bashkir and some other beliefs, the raven is a symbol of death). His appearance...
KAZ UMAKHE
KAZ UMAKHE, Bashkir traditional custom of mutual assistance in poultry (geese, less often ducks) hand plucking process. It took place in the autumn‑winter period after the first snowfall. Girls and young women (usually sisters‑in‑law) were invited to K.u. After plucking and gutting was complete, the...
KAZAKOV, Ravil Yagmurovich
KAZAKOV, Ravil Yagmurovich (b.25.1.1982 in Beloretsk), Athlete. Merited Master of Sports (powerlifting) of Russia (2006). Distinguished Athlete of the RB (2003). Awarded with the Order ofSalavatYulayev(2006). A trainee of Heracles Sports Club (Ufa; Coach – S.V.Gorshkov), the Sports Skills Development...
KAZAKOV, Valery Petrovich
KAZAKOV, Valery Petrovich (11.7. 1934, Selo Vladimiro‑Aleksandrovskoye of the Far Eastern Region — 6.8.2010, Ufa), Physical Chemist. Associate Member of the RAS (1991), D.Sci. (Chemical Sciences) (1983), Full Professor (1986). Merited Scientist of the BASSR (1984). Awarded with the 2nd Class Order for...
KAZANTSEV, Yuri Vasilyevich
KAZANTSEV, Yuri Vasilyevich (7.12.1935, Selo Meleuz of Meleuzovsky Raion of the BASSR, now Meleuz, — 25.3.2011, Ufa), Mining Geological Engineer. Associate Member of the AS RB (1995), Dr. Sci. (Geology and Mineralogy) (1983). Merited Master of Sciences of the BASSR (1983). After graduating from the...
KAZANTSEVA, Tamara Timofeyevna
KAZANTSEVA, Tamara Timofeyevna (b.8.5.1934, Krivoy Rog), Mining Geological Engineer. Acad. of the AS RB (1991), Dr. Sci. in Geology and Mineralogy (1985). Awarded with the Order of Friendship (1999). After graduating from the Krivoy Rog Mining Institute (1959), she worked at the Krasnoyarsk Geological...
KAZTUGAN-YIRAU
KAZTUGAN-YIRAU, Kaztugan SuyenyshUly, Poet‑Improviser. No documented information about his life has been preserved. According to a number of Bashkir, Kazakh and Karakalp. scholars (M.Kh.Idelbayev, K.Mambetov, G.Mushtak, Kh.Suyinshaliyev et al.), he was born in ca. 1420 on the Volga River (near Selo...
