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Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan State autonomous institution of science of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkir encyclopedia

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PEROVSKIY, song

“PEROVSKIY”, “Perovskiy march”, Bashkir ethnic naigrysh melody. First registered by K.B. Shubert, published in the book “Music and songs of the Ural Muslims and their household description”. Naigrysh resembles a dancing march. Its origin is connected with the expedition led by V.A. Perovskiy...

PERINATAL CENTRE

PERINATAL CENTRE, the largest republican clinical maternity obstetric institution in the RB providing full set of specialized medical services, including hightech obstetric care for women in childbirth, newborns, pregnant women and women willing to get pregnant. Was formed in 2018 by the merge of the...

PERENNIAL GRASSES

PERENNIAL GRASSES, a group of grasses of Poaceae and Fabaceae families, growing in one location for a number of years. Fabaceae perennial grasses are represented by clover, medick, esparcet, galega, etc. The cereal perennial grasses include quack grass, brome, meadow grass, foxtail, fescue, timothy,...

PEOPLES OF BASHKORTOSTAN

PEOPLES OF BASHKORTOSTAN. The territory of the modern Bashkortostan in ancient times and the Middle Ages was inhabited by Indo‑Iranian, Finnougric and Turkic tribes. Those, to a varying degree, influenced the formation of ancient Bashkir tribes. The first mention of the Bashkirs living on the terr....

PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR

PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR is an honorary title. It was given to people prominent for their improvisational achievements in art. It was established by the decree of the Supreme Council of BASSR Presidium of April 14, 1944. The Supreme Council of BASSR could assign or remove the title after the...

PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB

PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB, public organization established to preserve and strengthen international harmony in the RB and the Russian Federation. Located in Ufa. Founded in June 2000, by the World Kurultay (Congress) of Bashkirs, Russians Assembly of Bashkortostan, Tatars Congress of Bashkortostan...

PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS

PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS (PALET), detachments of the Red Guard in the South Urals. Formed by the Ufa Council of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies in the Summer–Autumn period of 1917. They were first named workers’ militia druzhinas (detachments), whose task was to protect law and...

PENTATONIC

PENTATONIC is a sound system with 5 steps within an octave. P. is the basis of mode thinking of many peoples including Bashkirs, Tatars, Maris, Chuvashes, Mordovians, Udmurts living in the Volga and Urals regions. There are 4 types of P.: semitoneless (angemitone), semitone, mixed, tempered. The sounds...

PELICANS

PELICANS (Pelecanus), a phylum of birds of Pelecanidae or Steganopodous family. There are 6 species throughout the globe. In the RB there are Dalmatian P. and Pink P. P. have body length range of 160–180 cm (140–175 cm for Pink P.), and body mass up to 14 kg. They eat fish. In the 1940s, the Dalmatian...

PEKARSKY, Pyotr Petrovich

PEKARSKY, Pyotr Petrovich [19.5.1827, Seltso Otrada of Ufa Uyezd of Ufa Gub., now within the limits of Ufa, — 12.7.1872, Pavlovsk], a historian, bibliographer. Academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg (1868), Dr.Sci (Russian History,1872). Actual State Counsellor. Graduated...

PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75

PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75 (Pugachyov Uprising, the 1773—75 Civil War) is Russia’s largest movement of the masses of people in the Middle and Lower Volga, the Southern Urals and Western Siberia territories. Caused by the strengthening of feudal oppression, violation of the South‑Eastern territories...

PEASANT REFORM OF 1861

PEASANT REFORM OF 1861, a reform that abolished serfdom in Russia. In Ufa, the Manifesto on Reform was announced on March 15th, 1861. In Orenburg Gub. personal freedom and property rights were received by landlords peasants (137.4 thous. people), peasants of private mining plants (137.8 thous. people)...

PEASANT LAND BANK

PEASANT LAND BANK, monument of history, architecture and urban planning of the beginning of the 20th century. Located in Ufa (14 Sovetskaya Street). Built by architect Drucker in 1906 (or, according to other data, in 1908 and possibly 1912). It is a two‑story brick building of eclectic style with...

PEASANT INSURGENCY OF 1918–21

PEASANT INSURGENCY OF 1918–21, anti‑Bolshevik peasants uprisings caused by discontent with the policy of the Soviet power, particularly introduction of rigid centralization to the national economy. In Ufa Gub., the first uprisings took place between March—April 1918, in Birsky Uyezd, which was...

PEASANT (FARMER) FARM

PEASANT (FARMER) FARM, a union of individuals jointly executing agricultural production activities. In the Republic, there are 6,100 P.(f.)f., their agricultural land area being 692.3 thous. ha (2016). The P.(f.)f. participation rate in the total output increased from 1.1% (2000) to 9.3% (2015). High...

PEAR

PEAR, a plant genus of the Rosaceae family. There are about 60 species known. In the RB the Ussuri P. is being grown in all the agricultural zones. Winter resistent, reproduced by grafting. The highest yield — 150 Cwt/ha (Kushnarenkovskoe Experimental Production Farm, 2009). Fruits are used fresh...

PEA

PEA, a plant genus of the Fabaceae family. There are 6—7 species known. In Bashkortostan field P. is being cultivated, which has edible (shell and vegetable) and fodder varieties. Annual herbaceous plant. Blooms in June. Fruit — bean with 3—10 seeds, ripens at the end of July – beginning of...

PAZUKHIN Pyotr Vasilyevich

PAZUKHIN Pyotr Vasilyevich (1.4.1889– 23.7.1917), musicologist, folklorist. Author and compiler of the 2nd part of the musical-folk collection “Samples of motifs of Chuvash folk songs and their texts” (Simbirsk, 1912), which included 98 notated round dances, weddings, recruiting of soldiers, and...

PAVLOVSKOYE RESERVOIR

PAVLOVSKOYE RESERVOIR, on the Ufa River, the largest in the RB. The dam site is near Selo Pavlovka of Nurimanovsky Raion. Built in 1959. Catchment area of the river in the cross-section of the water development — 47,100.0 km2, aver. annual volume of inflow — 10,740.0 million m3, full volume —...

PAVLOV, Valentin Nikolayevich

PAVLOV, Valentin Nikolayevich (b.10.3. 1966 in Ufa), Urologist. Associate Member of the RAS (2016), Dr.Sci (Medical Sciences) (1999), Full Professor (2002). Merited Master of Sciences of the RB (2006), Excellent Worker of Public Health of the RB (2007). After graduating from the BSMI (1989) worked in...