Список материалов
CLINICAL HOSPITAL FOR WAR VETERANS
CLINICAL HOSPITAL FOR WAR VETERANS, Republican. This hospital provides medical care to disabled people and veterans of the Great Patriotic War, military and counter‑terror operations, as well as to the individuals of equal status. It is known since the 1920s and has two branches in Ufa. Consists of...
CLOVER
CLOVER, a plant genus of the Fabaceae family. There are about 300 species known. There are 11 species growing in the RB: field C. (red), hybrid C. (pink, swedish), crawling C. (white), etc. Grows on edges of forests, meadows, in the shrub thickets, etc. In the Republic, the meadow C. is being grown...
CINEMAS
CINEMAS (film theatres), institutions designed to show moving pictures. They provide film screenings, advertise films, hold film festivals, film premieres, thematic screenings and other similar activities. In 1908, several entrepreneurs opened stationary cinema halls by such names as General Electro‑Biographer,...
CINEMA NETWORK
CINEMA NETWORK, a chain of cultural enterprises which show films to the public. It consists of actual cinemas theatres, cinema installations in clubs and portable film theatres. The first show of film in Ufa took place on 28 September, 1901. The actual cinema industry of Bashkortostan was formed between...
CATALYTIC CRACKING
CATALYTIC CRACKING, the process of destructive processing of crude oil engaging catalysts. It is designed for extraction of gasoline from high‑boiling oil fractions. It is a part of the process flowsheets of all Oil Refineries. First introduced at Ufimsky Oil Refinery in 1952. Three plants were launched...
CARPINI
CARPINI, Giovanni del Plano (ca. 1180 or, according to other data, ca. 1185 — 1252), Italian Traveler, Monk. In 1245, he headed the first European mission to the Mongolian Empire (the route crossed the territory of the Volga region, the Urals and Central Asia). Author of the literary works called The...
CARDIONEUROLOGICAL CENTRE
CARDIONEUROLOGICAL CENTRE, OOO, a multidisciplinary medical centre, which is part of Promeditsina Holding. Founded in Ufa in 2007. Provides paid outpatient (incl. home‑based), primary medical and specialized medical care to adults and children. Also provides laboratory (allergic, genetic, histological...
CARAVAN TRADE ROUTES
CARAVAN TRADE ROUTES, a system of trade routes, connecting the countries of the East and the West in Antiquity, and the Middle Ages. Information on routes from Central Asia and the Caucasus to the Urals is contained in the writings of ancient authors (Herodotus, Ptolemy) and 9—10th centuries Arab‑Persian...
CANTON SYSTEM
CANTON SYSTEM, a form of military administration in Bashkortostan between 1798—1865. Main purposes: prevention of the Bashkir uprisings (ref. Bashkir Uprisings in the 17—18th centuries), colonization of the region, and creation of the bridgehead for attack of the Middle Asia. In 1789, Ufa and Simbirsk...
CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS
CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS, carry out punishment in the form of imprisonment. This term is used in the Russian Federation terminology on the criminal enforcement system.
In Bashkortostan, arrest and prison izbas (huts), dvors (courtyards) and ostrogs (jails) are known since the 2nd half of the 16th...
CANTON
CANTON,
1) military unit in the canton administration system in Russia. Established by the Decree of April 10th 1798. They were established based on territorial subdivision; divided into Yurts (Bashkir and Mishar C.) and Regiments (Cossack); often the territory of one volost was divided between several...
CHAMBER MUSIC
CHAMBER MUSIC, a form of music art, intended for the performance by a small band. C.m. has always been there in the music culture of Bashkortostan. In the 20—30s of the 20th century, the European composition techniques based on functional genres (waltz, march, folk tune, polka) were mastered: music...
CALCINED SODA
CALCINED SODA (soda ash). The production of C.s. by the Solve method (chemical interaction of carbon dioxide and ammonia with a saturated water solution of chloride and the subsequent burning of the resultant sodium bicarbonate) was mastered in Bashkortostan at the Sterlitamak Soda Plant in 1951. C.s....
CHILDREN’S ORGANIZATIONS
CHILDREN’S ORGANIZATIONS, voluntary mass associations of children and adults, characterized by the social orientation of their work, democratic style of relations and pedagogical impact on the members of the organization. C.o. perform social and political (protection of children’s rights, their interests,...
CHILDREN'S PRINTED PRODUCTS
CHILDREN'S PRINTED PRODUCTS, periodicals intended for children of preschool, primary and secondary school age. Ch.p.p. in the RB are represented by the Akbuzat (since 1990; in the Bashk. language White Horse), and Alluki (since 2004; in the Tat. language Cradle) magazines. Printed press for teenagers:...
CHILDREN'S MUSIC
CHILDREN'S MUSIC, the music intended for listening or performing by children. In the Bashk. folklore, the C.m. is represented by songs (lullabies, rounds, nursery rhymes, humorous sayings, patters, takmaks, etc), dancing melodies, music games, which laid the foundation of the professional C.m. Between...
CIVIL WAR
CIVIL WAR of 1917—22 in Russia was caused by the First World War and the Revolution of 1917. Peculiarities of C.w. on the Bashkortostan territory were conditioned by the activities of the Bashkir National Movement, Kazakh and Tatar national movements, and Orenburg and Ural cossacks. In November, Farman...
CITY TRANSPORT
CITY TRANSPORT, a complex of different modes of transport, performing the carriage of population and cargo within the city limits and its nearest suburban zone, as well as performing city improvement works. Tram fleet operates in Salavat (1957) and Ufa (1936), trolleybus fleet – in Sterlitamak (1961)...
COLUMBIFORMES
COLUMBIFORMES, an order of birds. There are 2 known families and about 300 species. There are 6 species of Columbidae family in the RB. Migratory and non migratory birds of average sizes with body length of 26–46 cm and body mass of 100–600 g. They feed on seeds and fruits of wild and cultivated plants,...
CICONIIFORMES
CICONIIFORMES, an order of birds. There are 6 known families and 118 species. In the RB there are 6 species from Ciconiidae and Ardeidae families. They are migrating birds of large (with body length up to 100 cm and body mass of about 3 kg, black stork) and medium (with length of about 33 cm and body...
