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LYALYA‑TYULPAN is the name of the Ufa Grand Mosque. Building commenced in 1989, with its construction completed in 1998. The Mosque has been operating since 1999. It is under the authority of the Central Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Russia and was erected on its initiative. Architect – V.V.Davlyatshin....

LYAYSAN, a folk dance ensemble at the Uchalinsky Ore Mining and Processing Plant. Founded in 1964 at the Bayramgulovsky Sovkhoz Palace of Culture. Since 2005 – the current status. In 1972, received the “People’s” title. Since 2013 – Merited Folk Collective of the RF. The repertoire consists of the Bashkir...

LYUBIZAR, a Bashk. folk song, kyska­-kyuy. The song’s lyrics were first recorded by F.K.Tuykin in the 1910s. The L. appearance is connected with the events of the Patriotic War of 1812 and Foreign Campaigns of the Russian army of 1813—14. According to the legend, after one of the great battles M.I.Kutuzov...

LUTFULLIN, Akhmat Fatkullovich (4.2.1928, Derevnya Abzelilovo of the TamyanKataisky Canton of the BASSR, now Selo Askarovo of Abzelilovsky Raion of the RB, — 10.7.2007, Ufa, buried in Selo Abzakovo of Beloretsky Raion of the RB), Artist. Acad. of the Russian Academy of Arts (1997). People’s Artist of...

LUKMANOV, Sabir Zakirzyanovich (9.4.1906, Derevnya Yarkeyevo of Birsky Uyezd of Ufa Gub., now Selo Verkhneyarkeyevo of Ilishevsky Raion of the RB, – 27.10.1967, Ufa), Anatomist, Public Health Provider. Dr.Sci (Medical Sciences) (1943), Full Professor (1943). Merited Master of Sciences of the BASSR (1956),...

LYCEUMS, 1) in Russia, until 1917: privileged secondary or higher education institutions for nobility children to be trained into potential statesmen; 2) name of some general or vocational educational institutions in the RF, which have their own educational programs since 1988. In Bashkortostan, the...

LITERARY LANGUAGE Bashkir, the historically developed form of the existence of the Bashkir language. In the history of the Bashkir L.l., there is a pre-national (13th – 2nd half of 19th centuries) and national (since the end of 19th century) phases (ref. Dialects of the Bashkir language). A significant...

LISTVENITE, metasomatic rock. It consists of carbonates and quartz, contains impurities of pyrite, chlorite, fuxite, hematite. The structure is granoblastic or lepidogranoblastic, the texture is massive or spotted. The color is heterogeneous green. It is used as decorative, facing stone, ornamental...

LIPAYEV, Nikolay Filippovich [26.4.1926, Derevnya Ozerkovka, Sterlitamaksky Canton of the BASSR (Sterlitamaksky Raion of the RB) – 1.11.1994, Ishimbay], Industrialist. Merited Construction Worker of the RF (1992), Merited Worker of the Housing and Utility Sector of the BASSR (1984). Awarded with the...

LEMON TREE NURSERY, a training and experimental establishment of Ufimsky Forestry Technical College. It specializes in creation of lemon varieties and hybrids, growing and selling of exotic plant sprouts, flower seedlings and other crops. Established in 1990 as part of Belsky Forestry Enterprise, since...

LEPYOKHIN, Ivan Ivanovich (10.9.1740, St. Petersburg – 6.4.1802, Ibid.), Traveller, Ethnographer. Acad. of the Academy of Sciences and Arts (1771). Leader of Academic expeditions of 1768–74. He described the structure of summer nomad camps of Bashkirs, the methods of cooking meat (bish­ barmak, salma)...

LEONTYEV, Alexey Fyodorovich (27.3.1917, Selo Yakovtsevo of Nizhny Novgorod Gub. – 14.4.1987, Ufa), Mathematician. Associate Member of the AS USSR (1970), Dr.Sci. (Phys.‑Math.) (1948), Full Professor (1949). Merited Scientist of the BASSR (1975). Laureate of the USSR State Award (1989). Awarded with...

LENIN (Ulyanov), Vladimir Ilyich (22.4.1870, Simbirsk – 21.1.1924, Posyolok Gorki of Moscow Gub.) Revolutionary Leader, Political and Social Activist. Graduated from the St. Petersburg University (1891). Participated in the creation of St. Petersburg Union for the Struggle for the Liberation of the...

LEBEDEVA, Tatyana Romanovna (b.21.7.1976, Sterlitamak), Athlete. Merited Master of Sports (athletics) of Russia (2000). Awarded with the Order of Honour (2006), Order of Friendship (2001), the 2nd Class Medal of Order for Merits to the Fatherland (2009). A trainee of the Specialist Children and Youth...

LATYPOV, Ural Ramdrakovich (b.28.2. 1951 in Derevnya Katayevo of Bakalinsky Raion of the BASSR), Statesman. Dr. of Laws (1993), Full Professor (1994). Colonel (1991). Awarded with the Order of Peoples’ Friendship (Republic of Belarus, 2005). Graduated from the Kazan University (1973) and Higher Courses...

LAKLINSKAYA CAVE, Tash‑kuesh, a natural monument (1965). Located on the right slope of the valley of the Lakly River (tributary of the Ai River), 1.6 km SW of Selo Lakly of Salavatsky Raion. Karst cave, it is a system of horizontal halls and galleries. Length 252 m, aver. width 19.5 m, height 5.0 m,...

LASER TECHNOLOGIES, a method of treatment, manufacture and change of the material or semi‑product state, properties and shape with solid‑state gas lasers (with power from 1 to several thousand watts). In the Republic, this technology has been applied sinсe late 1980s in various sectors of Industry,...

LAZAREVA, Dina Naumovna   (11.9.1922, Posyolok Miasskiy Zavod of Chelyabinsk Gub. — 11.9.2019, Ufa), Pharmacologist. Merited Academician of the AS RB (1995), Doctor Sci (Medical Sciences) (1962), Full Professor (1963). Merited Master of Sciences of the RF (1993) and BASSR (1976), Excellent Worker of...

LAGEREVSKOYE, swamp, a natural monument (2005). Located in the basin of the Ai River near Selo Lagerevo of Salavatsky Raion. Total area — 1.6 thous. ha. The following plants, included in The Red List of the RB, grow here: Salix pyrolifolia, swamp ledum, Gymnadenia odoratissima, Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum,...

LIMESTONE, sedimentary rock. It consists mainly of calcite or calcite skeletal residues of organisms, rarely of aragonite. It contains minor impurities of dolomite, quartz, gypsum, and clay minerals. The structure is biomorphic (organogenic), detrital, grained; the texture is massive, layered. The color...